四级阅读理解100难句分类、结构分析与翻译

四级阅读理解的难度在很大程度上取决于句子结构，所以考试之前对四级真题中的句型、从句和特殊句法有深入了解的话，阅读的难度就大大降低。为此，作者根据多年的教学经验，根据最新四级大纲对句子结构的要求，从真题中挑选了100个较难的句子，进行结构分析，给出参考译文，为考生在考试中扫除句子结构这只拦路虎一臂之力。

请大家精读纯英文在先，句子解析在后
1. For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface.
2. There is another conversation, which from our point of view is equally important, and that has to do not with what is read but with how it is read.
3. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-hearted house-while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.
4. The fridge’s effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant.
5. But it will be the driver’s responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.
6. Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all his answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong.
7. Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course, which he attends, gives him a credit, which he may count towards a degree.
8. It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings.
9. A breakthrough in the provision of energy from the sun for the European Economic Community (EEC) could be brought forward by up to two decades, if a modest increase could be provided in the EEC’s research effort in this field, according to the senior EEC scientists engaged in experiments in solar energy at EEC’s scientific laboratories at Ispra, near Milan.
10. Mr.Gretz calculates that solar energy only provided three percent of the EEC’s needs; this could still produce a saving of about a billion pounds in the present bill for imported energy each year.
11. At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state.
12. Papousek’s light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would “smile and bubble” when the display came on.
13. Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question.
14. So we sleep well when we are in a familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.
15. When children understand that the light of the lighting flashing reaches their eyes almost at the same moment, but the sound of the thunder takes about 5 seconds to travel just one mile, they can begin to time the interval between the flash and the crash to learn how close they were to the actual spark.
16. Most people would agree that, although our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge, there has been no corresponding increase in wisdom.
17. When they get sick, we transfer them to a hospital, where children are forbidden to visit terminally ill patients- even when those patients are their parents.
18. When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different form others.
19. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school.
20. Cognitive researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others.
21. Such enormous numbers used to discourage us and cause us to dismiss the possibility of making a machine with human-like ability, but now that we have grown used to moving forward at such a pace we can be less sure.
22. Further ahead, by a combination of the great wealth this new age will bring and the technology it will provide, the construction of a vast, man-created world in space, home to thousands or millions of people, will be within our power.
23. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.
24. A rapid means of long-distance transportation became a necessity for the United States as settlement spread ever farther westward

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